Lub thickening mechanism ntawm thickeners siv nyob rau hauv esters yog vim lub tsim ntawm homologues, thiab lub mechanism ntawm alkanolamides yog esters yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv surfactant aqueous tov systems. Txij li thaum muaj unsulfated fatty cawv ethoxylates nyob rau hauv AES, cov khoom thickening yog tsis zoo thaum cov homologues dav, thiab ntau dua cov thickening yuav tau. Thaum sib cuam tshuam nrog anionic surfactant micelles, (pyrrolidone) alkanolamides muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob nitrosamines thaum ua rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce los tsim cov kua dej uas tsis yog Newtonian. Ntau yam alkanolamides muaj qhov sib txawv hauv kev ua tau zoo, thiab lawv kuj txawv thaum siv ib leeg thiab ua ke. Qee cov ntawv tshaj tawm cov thickening thiab foaming zog ntawm txawv alkanolamides.
Muaj cov amines dawb hauv cov impurities ntawm alkanolamides, uas yog cov peev txheej ntawm nitrosamines. Nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm fatty cawv polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES) raws li cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb, ethers feem ntau tuaj yeem hloov kho kom haum rau cov viscosity siv tsuas yog cov ntsev inorganic. Nws tau ua ib qho tseem ceeb pab rau lub thickening ntawm surfactant daws.
(Pyrrolidone) Kev tshawb fawb tob tau pom tias nws ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thaum qhov nruab nrab ntawm ethoxylation yog txog 3EO lossis 10EO. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov thickening ntawm fatty cawv ethoxylates yog ze ze rau qhov dav ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm cov cawv uas tsis muaj cawv thiab homologues muaj nyob hauv cov khoom. Tsis ntev los no, PEG-8PPG-3 diisostearate, PEG-90 diisostearate thiab PEG-8PPG-3 dilaurate tau tshaj tawm txawv teb chaws. Hom thickener no belongs rau non-ionic thickeners. (Pyrrolidone) Hom thickener no tsis yooj yim rau hydrolyze thiab muaj viscosity ruaj khov nyob rau hauv dav pH thiab kub ntau. Tam sim no, PEG-150 distearate feem ntau siv. Esters siv los ua cov thickeners muaj cov khoom ntawm qee cov khoom siv polymer. Peb-dimensional hydration network yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub aqueous theem, yog li koom nrog surfactant micelles. Ntxiv nrog rau kev siv los ua cov thickeners hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, hom kev sib xyaw no kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua emollient thiab moisturizer.
Amine oxide yog polar non-ionic surfactant, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm: nyob rau hauv aqueous tov, vim qhov sib txawv pH qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj, nws qhia tau hais tias tsis-ionic zog thiab muaj peev xwm kuj qhia ionic zog. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab los yog alkaline tej yam kev mob, uas yog, thaum lub pH ntau tshaj los yog sib npaug zos rau 7, amine oxide muaj nyob rau hauv aqueous tov raws li ib tug non-ionized hydrate, uas qhia tsis yog-ionicity. Nyob rau hauv acidic tov, nws qhia tsis muaj zog cationicity. Thaum cov tshuaj pH tsawg dua 3, amine oxide yog cationic, yog li nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo sib xws nrog cationic, anionic, nonionic thiab zwitterionic surfactants nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv thiab pom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. (Pyrrolidone) amine oxide yog cov thickener zoo. Thaum pH yog 6. ntawm cov compound ncav cuag 34Pa.s-49Pa.s. Cov tom kawg yuav tsis nce viscosity txawm tias ntsev ntxiv.
